ReORIENT: Global Economy in the Asian Age / Edition 1

ReORIENT: Global Economy in the Asian Age / Edition 1

by Andre Gunder Frank
ISBN-10:
0520214749
ISBN-13:
9780520214743
Pub. Date:
07/31/1998
Publisher:
University of California Press
ISBN-10:
0520214749
ISBN-13:
9780520214743
Pub. Date:
07/31/1998
Publisher:
University of California Press
ReORIENT: Global Economy in the Asian Age / Edition 1

ReORIENT: Global Economy in the Asian Age / Edition 1

by Andre Gunder Frank
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Overview

Andre Gunder Frank asks us to ReOrient our views away from Eurocentrism—to see the rise of the West as a mere blip in what was, and is again becoming, an Asia-centered world. In a bold challenge to received historiography and social theory he turns on its head the world according to Marx, Weber, and other theorists, including Polanyi, Rostow, Braudel, and Wallerstein. Frank explains the Rise of the West in world economic and demographic terms that relate it in a single historical sweep to the decline of the East around 1800. European states, he says, used the silver extracted from the American colonies to buy entry into an expanding Asian market that already flourished in the global economy. Resorting to import substitution and export promotion in the world market, they became Newly Industrializing Economies and tipped the global economic balance to the West. That is precisely what East Asia is doing today, Frank points out, to recover its traditional dominance. As a result, the "center" of the world economy is once again moving to the "Middle Kingdom" of China. Anyone interested in Asia, in world systems and world economic and social history, in international relations, and in comparative area studies, will have to take into account Frank's exciting reassessment of our global economic past and future.

Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780520214743
Publisher: University of California Press
Publication date: 07/31/1998
Edition description: First Edition
Pages: 352
Sales rank: 932,112
Product dimensions: 6.00(w) x 8.88(h) x 1.10(d)

About the Author

Andre Gunder Frank (1929-2005), of the University of Toronto, published more than thirty books. He coedited, with Barry Gills, World System: Five Hundred Years or Five Thousand? (1996).

Table of Contents

PREFACE

I
Introduction to Real World History vs. Eurocentric Social Theory

Holistic Methodology and Objectives

Globalism, not Eurocentrism
Smith, Marx, and Weber
Contemporary Eurocentrism and Its Critics
Economic Historians
Limitations of Recent Social Theory
Outline of a Global Economic Perspective
Anticipating and Confronting Resistance and Obstacles

2
The Global Trade Carousel 1400-1800

An Introduction to the World Economy
Thirteenth- and Fourteenth-Century Antecedents
The Columbian Exchange and Its Consequences
Some Neglected Features in the World Economy
World Division of Labor and Balances ofTrade
Mapping the Global Economy
The Americas
Mrica
Europe
WestAsia
The Ottomans
Safavid Persia
India and the Indian Ocean
North India
Gujarat and Malabar
Coromandel
Bengal
Southeast Asia
Archipellago and Islands
Mainland
Japan
China
Population, Production, and Trade
China in the World Economy
Central Asia
Russia and the Baltics
Summary of a Sinocentric World Economy

3
Money Went Around the World and Made the World Go Round

World Money: Its Production and Exchange
Micro- and Macro-Attractions in the Global Casino
Dealing and Playing in the Global Casino
The Numbers Game
Silver
Gold
Credit

How Did the Winners Use Their Money?
The Hoarding Thesis
Inflation or Production in the Quantity Theory of Money
Money Expanded the Frontiers of Settlement and Production
In India
In China
Elsewhere in Asia

4
The Global Economy: Comparisons and Relations

Quantities: Population, Production, Productivity, Income, and Trade
Population, Production, and Income
Productivity and Competitiveness
World Trade 1400-1800
Qualities: Science and Technology
Eurocentrism Regarding Science and Technology in Asia
Guns
Ships
Printing
Textiles
Metallurgy, Coal, and Power
Transport

World Technological Development

Mechanisms: Economic and Financial Institutions
Comparing and Relating Asian and European Institutions
Global Institutional Relations
In India
In China

5
Horizontally Integrative Macrohistory

Simultaneity Is No Coincidence

Doing Horizontally Integrative Macrohistory
Demographic; Structural Analysis
A "Seventeenth-Century Crisis"?
The 1640 Silver Crises
Kondratieff Analysis
The 1762-1790 Kondratieff"B" Phase: Crisis and Recessions
A More Horizontally Integrative Macrohistory?

6
Why Did the West Win (Temporarily)?

Is There a Long-Cycle Roller Coaster?

The Decline of the East Preceded the Rise of the West
The Decline in India
The Decline Elsewhere in Asia

How Did the West Rise?
Climbing Up on Asian Shoulders
Supply and Demand for Technological Change
Supplies and Sources of Capital

A Global Economic Demographic Explanation
A Demographic Economic Model
A High-Level Equilibrium Trap?
The Evidence: 1500-1750
The 1750 Inflection
Challenging and Reformulating the Explanation
The Resulting Transformations in India, China, Europe, and the World
In India
ln China
In Western Europe
The Rest of the World

Past Conclusions and Future Implications

7
Historiographic Conclusions and Theoretical Implications

Historiographic Conclusions: The Eurocentric
Emperor Has No Clothes
The Asiatic Mode of Production
European Exceptionalism
A European World-System or a Global Economy?
1500: Continuity or Break?
Capitalism?
Hegemony?
The Rise of the West and the Industrial Revolution
Empty Categories and Procrustean Beds

Theoretical Implications: Through the Global Looking Glass
Holism vs. Partialism
Commonality/Similarity vs. Specificity/Differences 3
Continuity vs. Discontinuities
Horiwntal Integration vs. Vertical Separation
Cycles vs. Linearity
Agency vs. Structure
Europe in the World Economic Nutshell
Jihad vs. McWorld in the Anarchy of the Clash of Civilizations?

REFERENCES
INDEX

What People are Saying About This

Albert Bergesen

Frank gained his world wide fame by making an argument that caused a revolution in thinking about Third World Development. Well, the same thing is about to happen again, except this time the stakes are much higher. Now it is the theories of the endogenous nature of change in the West that is being challenged. The Wallersteinian world economy did not give rise to the world-system, Frank argues, but the Afroeurasian world system gave rise to the European world economy. To correct the historical fact is to challenge the theoretical scaffolding of everyone from Marx to Weber to Braudel to Wallerstein. Frank shows how [they] got it all wrong. This book is conceptually that important. A fundamental rethinking absolutely essential to understanding world history. (Albert Bergesen, University of Arizona)

Mark Selden

A book for the millennium ... can be a landmark book that shapes substantially the scholarship and understanding of the next generation of researchers. It should have an immediate impact. (Mark Selden, State University of New York)

Bin Wong

The author redefines our baseline for assessing the 'rise' of Europe. I believe this book could become a benchmark study. (Bin Wong, University of California at Irvine)

Jack Goody

This is a brave book, brave in the academic as well as the personal sense. It insists on a completely necessary reorientation of academic and political views. It will prove to be compulsory reading. (Jack Goody London Times Higher Education Supplement & St. Johns College, Cambridge)

Martin Lewis

ReORIENT deserves to become an instant classic. (Martin Lewis, Duke University)

Kenneth Pomeranz

This will be an extremely important book of sufficient originality and importance to have a major impact. It could not be more ambitious. (Kenneth Pomeranz, University of California at Irvine)

Peer Vries Itinerario

Andre Gunder Frank's latest work ReORIENT:Global Economy in the Asian Age definitely is a book with a message. Its author sets out to challenge and overturns the ideas of such influential scholars as Marx, Weber, Polanyi, Rostow, Braudel and Wallerstein. As a matter of fact, almost everybody who has ever touched on the subject. (Peer Vries Itinerario, University of Leiden)

Peter Perdue

Andre Gunder Frank's ReORIENT is a heroic effort to reconstruct our conceptions of the world economy in the early modern age. A brilliant theory - Frank's single-mided, relentless, and compelling organic model achieves coherence and has much to offer. (Peter Perdue, Massachussetts Institute of Technology)

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